Efectividad de esquemas de terapia respiratoria respecto a oxigenoterapia y estancia en lactantes con bronquiolitis

Dayana Navarro; Daniela Briceño

doi:10.47464/MetroCiencia/vol28/3/2020/39-48

Authors

Dayana Navarro Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8601-9965
Daniela Briceño Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7341-8107

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.47464/MetroCiencia/vol28/3/2020/39-48

Keywords:

Bronchioliti, respiratory therapy, oxygen inhalation therapy, Hospitalization

Abstract

Introduction: Bronchiolitis is one of the main causes of morbidity in children under 24 months. Objective: Determine the effectiveness of respiratory therapy schemes regarding the length of hospital stay and oxygen requirement in children under 2 years old, admitted with bronchiolitis at the Metropolitan Hospital from January 2014 to December 2019. Method: Retrospective analytical study, 546 patients with bronchiolitis and oxygen therapy. Univariate analysis of quantitative variables was described with mean and qualitative variables with frequencies. ANOVA and post-hoc Bonferroni test were used for the inferential study. P value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: 58.4% were male, the most frequent age was from 29 days to 11 months, 29 days (70%), and the period with highest number of hospitalizations was between December and May. The average oxygen therapy time was 1.03 days, hospital stay was 1.37 days, the main etiologic agent was respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) by immunochromatography (63.8%) and PCR (51%). The RSV prolongs the hospital stay and oxygen therapy (p=0.001 and p=0.031). Respiratory therapy schemes: a) hypertonic solution, b) salbutamol plus ipratropium bromide and c) salbutamol alternated with ipratropium bromide plus salbutamol, were associated with a shorter hospital stay (1 to 3 days) (p=0.016). 28.8% patients received antibiotics, which was related with a longer hospital stay (p=0.000). While corticosteroids prolonged oxygen therapy (p=0.004). Conclusions: The use of the mentioned respiratory therapies, reduces the hospital stay.

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Author Biographies

Dayana Navarro, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador

Médica Pediatra, Quito-Ecuador
Daniela Briceño, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador

Médica Pediatra, Quito-Ecuador

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