Calidad y seguridad en la atención del neonato durante su traslado

Abstract

Introduction: The high neonatal mortality rate in developing countries requires timely and effective interventions to ensure the survival of these patients. In some cases, the newborn presents conditions that necessitate transfer, a procedure that can further worsen the situation and endanger the neonate’s life if not performed safely and appropriately.

Objective: To gather high-quality, evidence-based information in order to establish the necessary parameters to improve the quality and safety of neonatal transport.

Methodology: A systematic review was conducted with the search and selection of scientific articles published within the last five years, indexed in bibliographic databases (PubMed, Medline, Cochrane), as well as specialized journals and public organizations on the subject. Articles were selected and analyzed using the PRISMA diagram and STROBE guidelines, as appropriate.

Results: Out of a total of 563 articles, 37 were included for analysis, showing high convergence of information regarding the need for organized and coordinated transfers with highly qualified personnel trained to resuscitate the newborn if necessary. Some authors emphasize the importance of vehicle equipment, while others highlight the need for medical supplies, drugs, and monitoring devices. Current evidence stresses the importance of evaluating neonatal parameters, particularly respiratory, neurological, thermoregulation, cardiovascular, and hemodynamic conditions.

Conclusions: Safe and high-quality neonatal transport requires expertise, proper conditions, equipment, and supplies in order to reduce neonatal mortality. Therefore, procedures and interventions should be standardized.